revlog: avoid possible collision between directory and temporary index Since 6.4, we create a temporary index file to write the split data without overwriting the inline version too early. However, the store encoding does not prevent these new `.i.s` file to collide with a directory with the same name. While the odds for such a collision to happens are fairly low, the collision would prevent Mercurial from working. The store encoding have a mitigation solution in place to prevent such collisions from happening for `.i` and `.d` files, but not for other extensions. We cannot update this encoding scheme to solve the issue since it would diverge from older version of Mercurial. Instead, we create an alternative directory tree dedicated to such files. The use of the `.i` extension combined with store encoding will prevent collisions there.

--- a/mercurial/revlog.py	Thu Jun 08 11:08:19 2023 +0200
+++ b/mercurial/revlog.py	Thu Jun 08 14:28:21 2023 +0200
@@ -2026,7 +2026,15 @@
 
         The file will only exist if a splitting operation is in progress, but
         it is always expected at the same location."""
-        return self.radix + b'.i.s'
+        parts = os.path.split(self.radix)
+        if len(parts) > 1:
+            # adds a '-s' prefix to the ``data/` or `meta/` base
+            head = parts[0] + b'-s'
+            return os.path.join(head, *parts[1:])
+        else:
+            # the revlog is stored at the root of the store (changelog or
+            # manifest), no risk of collision.
+            return self.radix + b'.i.s'
 
     def _enforceinlinesize(self, tr, side_write=True):
         """Check if the revlog is too big for inline and convert if so.