wireproto: check permissions when executing "batch" command (BC) (SEC)
For as long as the "batch" command has existed (introduced by
bd88561afb4b and first released as part of Mercurial 1.9), that command
(like most wire commands introduced after 2008) lacked an entry in
the hgweb permissions table. And since we don't verify permissions if
an entry is missing from the permissions table, this meant that
executing a command via "batch" would bypass all permissions
checks.
The security implications are significant: a Mercurial HTTP server
would allow writes via "batch" wire protocol commands as long as
the HTTP request were processed by Mercurial and the process running
the Mercurial HTTP server had write access to the repository. The
Mercurial defaults of servers being read-only and the various web.*
config options to define access control were bypassed.
In addition, "batch" could be used to exfiltrate data from servers
that were configured to not allow read access.
Both forms of permissions bypass could be mitigated to some extent
by using HTTP authentication. This would prevent HTTP requests from
hitting Mercurial's server logic. However, any authenticated request
would still be able to bypass permissions checks via "batch" commands.
The easiest exploit was to send "pushkey" commands via "batch" and
modify the state of bookmarks, phases, and obsolescence markers.
However, I suspect a well-crafted HTTP request could trick the server
into running the "unbundle" wire protocol command, effectively
performing a full `hg push` to create new changesets on the remote.
This commit plugs this gaping security hole by having the "batch"
command perform permissions checking on each sub-command that is
being batched. We do this by threading a permissions checking
callable all the way to the protocol handler. The threading is a
bit hacky from a code perspective. But it preserves API compatibility,
which is the proper thing to do on the stable branch.
One of the subtle things we do is assume that a command with an
undefined permission is a "push" command. This is the safest thing to
do from a security perspective: we don't want to take chances that
a command could perform a write even though the server is configured
to not allow writes.
As the test changes demonstrate, it is no longer possible to bypass
permissions via the "batch" wire protocol command.
.. bc::
The "batch" wire protocol command now enforces permissions of
each invoked sub-command. Wire protocol commands must define
their operation type or the "batch" command will assume they
can write data and will prevent their execution on HTTP servers
unless the HTTP request method is POST, the server is configured
to allow pushes, and the (possibly authenticated) HTTP user is
authorized to perform a push.
# hgweb/hgweb_mod.py - Web interface for a repository.
#
# Copyright 21 May 2005 - (c) 2005 Jake Edge <jake@edge2.net>
# Copyright 2005-2007 Matt Mackall <mpm@selenic.com>
#
# This software may be used and distributed according to the terms of the
# GNU General Public License version 2 or any later version.
from __future__ import absolute_import
import contextlib
import os
from .common import (
ErrorResponse,
HTTP_BAD_REQUEST,
HTTP_NOT_FOUND,
HTTP_NOT_MODIFIED,
HTTP_OK,
HTTP_SERVER_ERROR,
caching,
cspvalues,
permhooks,
)
from .request import wsgirequest
from .. import (
encoding,
error,
hg,
hook,
profiling,
pycompat,
repoview,
templatefilters,
templater,
ui as uimod,
util,
wireproto,
)
from . import (
protocol,
webcommands,
webutil,
wsgicgi,
)
# Aliased for API compatibility.
perms = wireproto.permissions
archivespecs = util.sortdict((
('zip', ('application/zip', 'zip', '.zip', None)),
('gz', ('application/x-gzip', 'tgz', '.tar.gz', None)),
('bz2', ('application/x-bzip2', 'tbz2', '.tar.bz2', None)),
))
def getstyle(req, configfn, templatepath):
fromreq = req.form.get('style', [None])[0]
if fromreq is not None:
fromreq = pycompat.sysbytes(fromreq)
styles = (
fromreq,
configfn('web', 'style'),
'paper',
)
return styles, templater.stylemap(styles, templatepath)
def makebreadcrumb(url, prefix=''):
'''Return a 'URL breadcrumb' list
A 'URL breadcrumb' is a list of URL-name pairs,
corresponding to each of the path items on a URL.
This can be used to create path navigation entries.
'''
if url.endswith('/'):
url = url[:-1]
if prefix:
url = '/' + prefix + url
relpath = url
if relpath.startswith('/'):
relpath = relpath[1:]
breadcrumb = []
urlel = url
pathitems = [''] + relpath.split('/')
for pathel in reversed(pathitems):
if not pathel or not urlel:
break
breadcrumb.append({'url': urlel, 'name': pathel})
urlel = os.path.dirname(urlel)
return reversed(breadcrumb)
class requestcontext(object):
"""Holds state/context for an individual request.
Servers can be multi-threaded. Holding state on the WSGI application
is prone to race conditions. Instances of this class exist to hold
mutable and race-free state for requests.
"""
def __init__(self, app, repo):
self.repo = repo
self.reponame = app.reponame
self.archivespecs = archivespecs
self.maxchanges = self.configint('web', 'maxchanges')
self.stripecount = self.configint('web', 'stripes')
self.maxshortchanges = self.configint('web', 'maxshortchanges')
self.maxfiles = self.configint('web', 'maxfiles')
self.allowpull = self.configbool('web', 'allow-pull')
# we use untrusted=False to prevent a repo owner from using
# web.templates in .hg/hgrc to get access to any file readable
# by the user running the CGI script
self.templatepath = self.config('web', 'templates', untrusted=False)
# This object is more expensive to build than simple config values.
# It is shared across requests. The app will replace the object
# if it is updated. Since this is a reference and nothing should
# modify the underlying object, it should be constant for the lifetime
# of the request.
self.websubtable = app.websubtable
self.csp, self.nonce = cspvalues(self.repo.ui)
# Trust the settings from the .hg/hgrc files by default.
def config(self, section, name, default=uimod._unset, untrusted=True):
return self.repo.ui.config(section, name, default,
untrusted=untrusted)
def configbool(self, section, name, default=uimod._unset, untrusted=True):
return self.repo.ui.configbool(section, name, default,
untrusted=untrusted)
def configint(self, section, name, default=uimod._unset, untrusted=True):
return self.repo.ui.configint(section, name, default,
untrusted=untrusted)
def configlist(self, section, name, default=uimod._unset, untrusted=True):
return self.repo.ui.configlist(section, name, default,
untrusted=untrusted)
def archivelist(self, nodeid):
allowed = self.configlist('web', 'allow_archive')
for typ, spec in self.archivespecs.iteritems():
if typ in allowed or self.configbool('web', 'allow%s' % typ):
yield {'type': typ, 'extension': spec[2], 'node': nodeid}
def templater(self, req):
# determine scheme, port and server name
# this is needed to create absolute urls
proto = req.env.get('wsgi.url_scheme')
if proto == 'https':
proto = 'https'
default_port = '443'
else:
proto = 'http'
default_port = '80'
port = req.env[r'SERVER_PORT']
port = port != default_port and (r':' + port) or r''
urlbase = r'%s://%s%s' % (proto, req.env[r'SERVER_NAME'], port)
logourl = self.config('web', 'logourl')
logoimg = self.config('web', 'logoimg')
staticurl = self.config('web', 'staticurl') or req.url + 'static/'
if not staticurl.endswith('/'):
staticurl += '/'
# some functions for the templater
def motd(**map):
yield self.config('web', 'motd')
# figure out which style to use
vars = {}
styles, (style, mapfile) = getstyle(req, self.config,
self.templatepath)
if style == styles[0]:
vars['style'] = style
start = '&' if req.url[-1] == r'?' else '?'
sessionvars = webutil.sessionvars(vars, start)
if not self.reponame:
self.reponame = (self.config('web', 'name', '')
or req.env.get('REPO_NAME')
or req.url.strip('/') or self.repo.root)
def websubfilter(text):
return templatefilters.websub(text, self.websubtable)
# create the templater
defaults = {
'url': req.url,
'logourl': logourl,
'logoimg': logoimg,
'staticurl': staticurl,
'urlbase': urlbase,
'repo': self.reponame,
'encoding': encoding.encoding,
'motd': motd,
'sessionvars': sessionvars,
'pathdef': makebreadcrumb(req.url),
'style': style,
'nonce': self.nonce,
}
tmpl = templater.templater.frommapfile(mapfile,
filters={'websub': websubfilter},
defaults=defaults)
return tmpl
class hgweb(object):
"""HTTP server for individual repositories.
Instances of this class serve HTTP responses for a particular
repository.
Instances are typically used as WSGI applications.
Some servers are multi-threaded. On these servers, there may
be multiple active threads inside __call__.
"""
def __init__(self, repo, name=None, baseui=None):
if isinstance(repo, str):
if baseui:
u = baseui.copy()
else:
u = uimod.ui.load()
r = hg.repository(u, repo)
else:
# we trust caller to give us a private copy
r = repo
r.ui.setconfig('ui', 'report_untrusted', 'off', 'hgweb')
r.baseui.setconfig('ui', 'report_untrusted', 'off', 'hgweb')
r.ui.setconfig('ui', 'nontty', 'true', 'hgweb')
r.baseui.setconfig('ui', 'nontty', 'true', 'hgweb')
# resolve file patterns relative to repo root
r.ui.setconfig('ui', 'forcecwd', r.root, 'hgweb')
r.baseui.setconfig('ui', 'forcecwd', r.root, 'hgweb')
# displaying bundling progress bar while serving feel wrong and may
# break some wsgi implementation.
r.ui.setconfig('progress', 'disable', 'true', 'hgweb')
r.baseui.setconfig('progress', 'disable', 'true', 'hgweb')
self._repos = [hg.cachedlocalrepo(self._webifyrepo(r))]
self._lastrepo = self._repos[0]
hook.redirect(True)
self.reponame = name
def _webifyrepo(self, repo):
repo = getwebview(repo)
self.websubtable = webutil.getwebsubs(repo)
return repo
@contextlib.contextmanager
def _obtainrepo(self):
"""Obtain a repo unique to the caller.
Internally we maintain a stack of cachedlocalrepo instances
to be handed out. If one is available, we pop it and return it,
ensuring it is up to date in the process. If one is not available,
we clone the most recently used repo instance and return it.
It is currently possible for the stack to grow without bounds
if the server allows infinite threads. However, servers should
have a thread limit, thus establishing our limit.
"""
if self._repos:
cached = self._repos.pop()
r, created = cached.fetch()
else:
cached = self._lastrepo.copy()
r, created = cached.fetch()
if created:
r = self._webifyrepo(r)
self._lastrepo = cached
self.mtime = cached.mtime
try:
yield r
finally:
self._repos.append(cached)
def run(self):
"""Start a server from CGI environment.
Modern servers should be using WSGI and should avoid this
method, if possible.
"""
if not encoding.environ.get('GATEWAY_INTERFACE',
'').startswith("CGI/1."):
raise RuntimeError("This function is only intended to be "
"called while running as a CGI script.")
wsgicgi.launch(self)
def __call__(self, env, respond):
"""Run the WSGI application.
This may be called by multiple threads.
"""
req = wsgirequest(env, respond)
return self.run_wsgi(req)
def run_wsgi(self, req):
"""Internal method to run the WSGI application.
This is typically only called by Mercurial. External consumers
should be using instances of this class as the WSGI application.
"""
with self._obtainrepo() as repo:
profile = repo.ui.configbool('profiling', 'enabled')
with profiling.profile(repo.ui, enabled=profile):
for r in self._runwsgi(req, repo):
yield r
def _runwsgi(self, req, repo):
rctx = requestcontext(self, repo)
# This state is global across all threads.
encoding.encoding = rctx.config('web', 'encoding')
rctx.repo.ui.environ = req.env
if rctx.csp:
# hgwebdir may have added CSP header. Since we generate our own,
# replace it.
req.headers = [h for h in req.headers
if h[0] != 'Content-Security-Policy']
req.headers.append(('Content-Security-Policy', rctx.csp))
# work with CGI variables to create coherent structure
# use SCRIPT_NAME, PATH_INFO and QUERY_STRING as well as our REPO_NAME
req.url = req.env[r'SCRIPT_NAME']
if not req.url.endswith('/'):
req.url += '/'
if req.env.get('REPO_NAME'):
req.url += req.env[r'REPO_NAME'] + r'/'
if r'PATH_INFO' in req.env:
parts = req.env[r'PATH_INFO'].strip('/').split('/')
repo_parts = req.env.get(r'REPO_NAME', r'').split(r'/')
if parts[:len(repo_parts)] == repo_parts:
parts = parts[len(repo_parts):]
query = '/'.join(parts)
else:
query = req.env[r'QUERY_STRING'].partition(r'&')[0]
query = query.partition(r';')[0]
# process this if it's a protocol request
# protocol bits don't need to create any URLs
# and the clients always use the old URL structure
cmd = pycompat.sysbytes(req.form.get(r'cmd', [r''])[0])
if protocol.iscmd(cmd):
try:
if query:
raise ErrorResponse(HTTP_NOT_FOUND)
req.checkperm = lambda op: self.check_perm(rctx, req, op)
if cmd in perms:
req.checkperm(perms[cmd])
return protocol.call(rctx.repo, req, cmd)
except ErrorResponse as inst:
# A client that sends unbundle without 100-continue will
# break if we respond early.
if (cmd == 'unbundle' and
(req.env.get('HTTP_EXPECT',
'').lower() != '100-continue') or
req.env.get('X-HgHttp2', '')):
req.drain()
else:
req.headers.append((r'Connection', r'Close'))
req.respond(inst, protocol.HGTYPE,
body='0\n%s\n' % inst)
return ''
# translate user-visible url structure to internal structure
args = query.split('/', 2)
if r'cmd' not in req.form and args and args[0]:
cmd = args.pop(0)
style = cmd.rfind('-')
if style != -1:
req.form['style'] = [cmd[:style]]
cmd = cmd[style + 1:]
# avoid accepting e.g. style parameter as command
if util.safehasattr(webcommands, cmd):
req.form[r'cmd'] = [cmd]
if cmd == 'static':
req.form['file'] = ['/'.join(args)]
else:
if args and args[0]:
node = args.pop(0).replace('%2F', '/')
req.form['node'] = [node]
if args:
req.form['file'] = args
ua = req.env.get('HTTP_USER_AGENT', '')
if cmd == 'rev' and 'mercurial' in ua:
req.form['style'] = ['raw']
if cmd == 'archive':
fn = req.form['node'][0]
for type_, spec in rctx.archivespecs.iteritems():
ext = spec[2]
if fn.endswith(ext):
req.form['node'] = [fn[:-len(ext)]]
req.form['type'] = [type_]
# process the web interface request
try:
tmpl = rctx.templater(req)
ctype = tmpl('mimetype', encoding=encoding.encoding)
ctype = templater.stringify(ctype)
# check read permissions non-static content
if cmd != 'static':
self.check_perm(rctx, req, None)
if cmd == '':
req.form[r'cmd'] = [tmpl.cache['default']]
cmd = req.form[r'cmd'][0]
# Don't enable caching if using a CSP nonce because then it wouldn't
# be a nonce.
if rctx.configbool('web', 'cache') and not rctx.nonce:
caching(self, req) # sets ETag header or raises NOT_MODIFIED
if cmd not in webcommands.__all__:
msg = 'no such method: %s' % cmd
raise ErrorResponse(HTTP_BAD_REQUEST, msg)
elif cmd == 'file' and r'raw' in req.form.get(r'style', []):
rctx.ctype = ctype
content = webcommands.rawfile(rctx, req, tmpl)
else:
content = getattr(webcommands, cmd)(rctx, req, tmpl)
req.respond(HTTP_OK, ctype)
return content
except (error.LookupError, error.RepoLookupError) as err:
req.respond(HTTP_NOT_FOUND, ctype)
msg = str(err)
if (util.safehasattr(err, 'name') and
not isinstance(err, error.ManifestLookupError)):
msg = 'revision not found: %s' % err.name
return tmpl('error', error=msg)
except (error.RepoError, error.RevlogError) as inst:
req.respond(HTTP_SERVER_ERROR, ctype)
return tmpl('error', error=str(inst))
except ErrorResponse as inst:
req.respond(inst, ctype)
if inst.code == HTTP_NOT_MODIFIED:
# Not allowed to return a body on a 304
return ['']
return tmpl('error', error=str(inst))
def check_perm(self, rctx, req, op):
for permhook in permhooks:
permhook(rctx, req, op)
def getwebview(repo):
"""The 'web.view' config controls changeset filter to hgweb. Possible
values are ``served``, ``visible`` and ``all``. Default is ``served``.
The ``served`` filter only shows changesets that can be pulled from the
hgweb instance. The``visible`` filter includes secret changesets but
still excludes "hidden" one.
See the repoview module for details.
The option has been around undocumented since Mercurial 2.5, but no
user ever asked about it. So we better keep it undocumented for now."""
# experimental config: web.view
viewconfig = repo.ui.config('web', 'view', untrusted=True)
if viewconfig == 'all':
return repo.unfiltered()
elif viewconfig in repoview.filtertable:
return repo.filtered(viewconfig)
else:
return repo.filtered('served')